Wednesday, July 14, 2004
All About Recommendation Letters
Nearly every graduate program requires applicants to submit letters of
recommendation. Don't underestimate the importance of these letters. While
your transcript, standardized test scores, and personal statement/admissions
essay are vital components to your graduate school application, an excellent
letter of recommendation can make up for weaknesses in any of these areas.
A well written letter of recommendation provides admissions committees with
information that isn't found elsewhere in the application. A letter of
recommendation is a detailed discussion, from a faculty member, of the
personal qualities, accomplishments, and experiences that make you unique
and perfect for the programs to which you've applied.
Who To Ask?
Most graduate programs require two or more letters of recommendation.
Choosing your letter-writers often is difficult.
Consider faculty members, administrators, internship/co-operative education
supervisors, and employers. The persons you ask to write your letters should
· know you well
· know you long enough to write with authority
· know your work
· describe your work positively
· have a high opinion of you
· know where you are applying
· know your educational and career goals
· be able to favorably compare you with your peers
· be well known
· be able to write a good letter
Keep in mind that no one person will satisfy all of these criteria. Aim for
a set of letters that cover the range of your skills. Ideally, letters
should cover your academic and scholastic skills, research abilities and
experiences, and applied experiences (e.g., co-operative education,
internships, related work experience).
Approaching Referees
When you approach potential referees, ask if they know you well enough to
write a meaningful letter. Pay attention to their demeanor. If you sense
reluctance, thank them and ask someone else. Remember that it is best to ask
early in the semester. As the end of the semester approaches, faculty may
hesitate because of time restraints.
Provide Information
The best thing that you can do to ensure that your letters cover all the
bases is to provide your referees with all the necessary information. Don't
assume that they will remember anything about you. (I know, you're quite
memorable, but think about what it must be like to have 150 or more students
each semester!)
Make an appointment to speak with your letter writers. Give your letter
writers plenty of time (three to four weeks at minimum). Provide a file with
all of your background information:
· transcript
· resume or vita
· admissions essays
· courses you've taken with them
· research experiences
· internship and other applied experiences
· honor societies to which you belong
· awards you've won
· work experience
· professional goals
· due date for the application
· copy of the application recommendation forms
Confidentiality
The recommendation forms supplied by graduate programs require you to decide
whether to waive or retain your rights to see recommendation. As you decide
whether to retain your rights, remember that confidential letters tend to
carry more weight with admissions committees. In addition, many faculty will
not write a recommendation letter unless it is confidential. Other faculty
may provide you with a copy of each letter, even if it is confidential. If
you are unsure of what to decide, discuss it with your referee.
As the application deadline approaches, check back with your referees to
ensure that the letters were sent on time (but don't nag!). Contacting the
graduate programs to inquire whether your materials were received is also
appropriate.
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recommendation. Don't underestimate the importance of these letters. While
your transcript, standardized test scores, and personal statement/admissions
essay are vital components to your graduate school application, an excellent
letter of recommendation can make up for weaknesses in any of these areas.
A well written letter of recommendation provides admissions committees with
information that isn't found elsewhere in the application. A letter of
recommendation is a detailed discussion, from a faculty member, of the
personal qualities, accomplishments, and experiences that make you unique
and perfect for the programs to which you've applied.
Who To Ask?
Most graduate programs require two or more letters of recommendation.
Choosing your letter-writers often is difficult.
Consider faculty members, administrators, internship/co-operative education
supervisors, and employers. The persons you ask to write your letters should
· know you well
· know you long enough to write with authority
· know your work
· describe your work positively
· have a high opinion of you
· know where you are applying
· know your educational and career goals
· be able to favorably compare you with your peers
· be well known
· be able to write a good letter
Keep in mind that no one person will satisfy all of these criteria. Aim for
a set of letters that cover the range of your skills. Ideally, letters
should cover your academic and scholastic skills, research abilities and
experiences, and applied experiences (e.g., co-operative education,
internships, related work experience).
Approaching Referees
When you approach potential referees, ask if they know you well enough to
write a meaningful letter. Pay attention to their demeanor. If you sense
reluctance, thank them and ask someone else. Remember that it is best to ask
early in the semester. As the end of the semester approaches, faculty may
hesitate because of time restraints.
Provide Information
The best thing that you can do to ensure that your letters cover all the
bases is to provide your referees with all the necessary information. Don't
assume that they will remember anything about you. (I know, you're quite
memorable, but think about what it must be like to have 150 or more students
each semester!)
Make an appointment to speak with your letter writers. Give your letter
writers plenty of time (three to four weeks at minimum). Provide a file with
all of your background information:
· transcript
· resume or vita
· admissions essays
· courses you've taken with them
· research experiences
· internship and other applied experiences
· honor societies to which you belong
· awards you've won
· work experience
· professional goals
· due date for the application
· copy of the application recommendation forms
Confidentiality
The recommendation forms supplied by graduate programs require you to decide
whether to waive or retain your rights to see recommendation. As you decide
whether to retain your rights, remember that confidential letters tend to
carry more weight with admissions committees. In addition, many faculty will
not write a recommendation letter unless it is confidential. Other faculty
may provide you with a copy of each letter, even if it is confidential. If
you are unsure of what to decide, discuss it with your referee.
As the application deadline approaches, check back with your referees to
ensure that the letters were sent on time (but don't nag!). Contacting the
graduate programs to inquire whether your materials were received is also
appropriate.
